1994 INDUCTEE Sir Frederick Banting, MD Diabetes, Evidence-based Medicine & Clinical Trials, Hormones

Born:

November 14, 1891

(Alliston, Ontario)

Died:

February 21, 1941

Education:

MD, University of Toronto (1916)

Awards & Honours:

1934: Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire

1934: Fellow of the Royal Society of London

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Discovered Insulin

A soft-spoken and modest physician who saved millions of lives

On October 31, 1920, after preparing for a lecture on the pancreas, Sir Frederick Grant Banting arose from a restless sleep and wrote down words that would forever change his life and the lives of millions suffering from Diabetes: "Diabetus [sic]. Ligate pancreatic ducts of dog. Keep dogs alive till acini degenerate leaving islets. Try to isolate the internal secretion of these and relieve glycosurea [sic]." This 25-word hypothesis would eventually lead to one of the most important medical discoveries of the 20th century and would gain Banting international fame and admiration.

Key Facts

Sold the patent rights for insulin to the University of Toronto for $1

Became the youngest recipient of a Nobel Prize in Medicine

Awarded seven honorary degrees

Regarded as one of Canada’s most important amateur artists

Professional timeline

Impact on lives today

Banting’s legacy lives on in the numerous researchers who followed in his footsteps and who made medical breakthroughs at the research institutions bearing his name. His childhood farm in Alliston, now called The Banting Homestead Heritage Park, attracts school and community groups annually. The house in London, Ontario, where he originally conceived the idea that led to the discovery of insulin, is now Banting House National Historic Site of Canada, a museum dedicated to preserving Banting’s important legacy. Later coined the "Birthplace of Insulin," the museum has become an unofficial pilgrimage site and attracts visitors from around the world each year who wish to pay tribute to the famous co-discoverer of insulin.

1994

May 27, 1994
Sir Frederick Banting posthumously inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame

London, Ontario
1941
Dr. Banting served as a liaison officer between British and North American medical services

In this capacity, he was travelling to England in February, when his plane crashed in Newfoundland and his life was tragically cut short.
1939
At the outbreak of the Second World War, Dr. Banting again volunteered to serve Canada

He coordinated the National Wartime Medical Research effort with the National Research Council of Canada where he researched treatments for mustard gas, anti-gravity suits and oxygen masks.
1930s
Dr. Banting remained committed to medical research and scientific discovery
Cancer
He participated in research relating to silicosis, cancer and aviation medicine, among many other projects.
1923
In response to Banting’s popularity and successful research, the Ontario Legislature awarded The University of Toronto an annual grant to establish the "Banting and Best Research Fund"
Diabetes, Health and Medical Education & Training
With this financial support, the university hired Banting as Canada's first Research Professor and established the Banting and Best Department of Medical Research in 1930.
1922
The first human test of insulin was conducted on a 14-year old boy named Leonard Thompson at Toronto General Hospital
Diabetes, Evidence-based Medicine & Clinical Trials
While the first test failed, the Toronto team soon met success.
1922
Drs. Banting, Best, Macleod and Collip announced the discovery of insulin to the world
Diabetes
Frederick Banting and JRR Macleod became the first Canadians to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Banting chose to share his prize with his partner, Dr. Best, and Macleod chose to share his prize with Dr. Collip.
1921
Under the supervision of JRR MacLeod, Drs. Banting and Best began research
Diabetes, Hormones, Evidence-based Medicine & Clinical Trials
Within a few months, Drs. Banting and Best had successfully isolated a protein hormone secreted by the pancreas, which was named insulin. With assistance from Dr. James Collip, insulin was successfully refined and produced for clinical trials.
1920
After reading Dr. Moses Barron’s article on the pancreas, Dr. Banting was inspired to pursue research on the pancreas of dogs

Within a week, he approached noted endocrinologist JRR Macleod at the University of Toronto who offered him research space, supplies, and a research assistant, Charles Best.
1920
Shortly after the war, Dr. Banting returned to Toronto to complete his surgical internship

A month later, he established a medical and surgical practice in London, Ontario.
1916
Frederick Banting graduated from medical school at the University of Toronto

Eager to serve Canada during the First World War, he enlisted with the Canadian Army Medical Corps. During his service, he was awarded the Military Cross for courage.